Eared Quetzal (Euptilotus neoxenus)

The Eared Quetzal was recently named the Eared Trogon, but research has shown they are much more closely related to Quetzals than Trogon species. They are primarily found montane forests of western Mexico, but beginning in 1977, tiny numbers of the species have been found in canyon forests of southern Arizona. Confirmed breeding has also occurred in select locations of southern Arizona. While the species is similar in overall structure as the Elegant Trogon, another tropical specialty with a range that barely overlaps into the United States, the Eared Quetzal is quite a bit larger, has a much smaller-looking head, and has obvious plumage differences.

Habitat

In the main part of their range in Mexico, the Eared Quetzal is found in mid- to high-elevation forests, typically pine-oak forest or in conifer forests. Those that have been found in the United States have been in several forested, mountain canyons.

Diet

Insects make up a large part of the diet, especially large insects and caterpillars. They will also take small vertebrates when available. They also feed heavily on fruits and berries, especially in the winter when insects may be less abundant.

Behavior

Eared Quetzals appear to be rather sensitive to disturbance around nest sites, with evidence that human activity near nesting sites can contribute to nest failure. Otherwise, behavior is similar to other Quetzals and Trogons, with birds often acting relatively lethargic.

Nesting

In the U.S. part of their range, nests have typically occurred in old woodpecker cavities, usually in tall trees near flowing water in forested canyons. Eggs are incubated by both parents, and both parents help to raise the young.

Song

Song of the Eared Quetzal is a series of whistles which consistently rise in pitch and strength.

Migration

Eared Quetzals are considered to be permanent residents throughout their range. However, there are some indications that birds do move to lower elevations in Mexico during the winter.

Interactive eBird Map

Click here to access an interactive eBird map of Eared Quetzel sightings

Similar Species

In the U.S. part of its range, Elegant Trogons are similar in structure, but size and plumage are quite different.

Conservation Status

Eared Quetzals are currently considered "near threatened", due to an overall small population and the threat of potential habitat loss. However, current populations are likely stable.

Image Information

Hand-colored lithograph - John Gould, 1861. Public Domain image, copyright expired in United States.