White Ibis

Eudocimus albus

The mature White Ibis is easily distinguished from other Ibis, thanks to its stark all-white plumage.  Generally a bird found near the coastlines in the Southeastern United States, strays do occasionally wander well north of the normal breeding range.  It remains an extremely rare visitor to South Dakota, however.  While they often feed in wetland environments, they also often will forage on manicured lawns in the Southeast, searching for large insects.

Habitat: Uses nearly any shallow water habitat, both freshwater and saltwater.  Generally found near the Gulf and Eastern U.S. coasts, however. 

Diet: Eats large numbers of crustaceans, also fish, frogs, snails, and insects.

Behavior: Forages both in the water and on land.  In shallow water, wades slowly, probing with its bill in the mud below the water, or by sweeping its bill from side to side, grabbing food when it is felt with the bill. 

Breeding: Non-breeder in South Dakota

Song: Hunk-hunk-hunk by male during courtship.

Migration: Generally a permanent resident throughout its range, but some of the more northerly birds do move south in the fall.  Strays do occasionally move well inland during the breeding season.

Similar Species: Juveniles are similar to Glossy Ibis and White-faced Ibis.

Conservation Status: Overall range is increasing, but local populations have suffered a dramatic decline, especially in Florida.

Further Information: 1) USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter, White Ibis

2) Cornell Lab of Ornithology - White Ibis

3) eNature.com - White Ibis

Photo Information: January 2003 -- Near Orlando, Florida -- Ann Vogelmann