Tag Archives: extinct

Review: “Rare Birds” by Elizabeth Gehrman

Rare Birds - By Elizabeth Gehrman

Rare birds indeed, with an incredible story of both the Bermuda Petrel, as well as the man who devoted his life to saving the species, David Wingate.

I’m, in many ways I guess, what people think of when they think of a “scientist”.  Socially awkward?  Check.  More at home with my work than with people?  Check.  More at home in the field and out with nature than with people?  Check.  Kind of like Sheldon from “The Big Bang Theory”?  Well no, not that bad, but you get the idea.  I’ve also never been a “hero worshipper” of any kind.  I just don’t care that much about reputation.  I don’t care that much about the scientist himself.  It is the science I’m interested in.  Because of my nature, I was a little surprised at how I reacted to a book I just completed.

The book is “Rare Birds: The extraordinary tale of the Bermuda Petrel and the man who brought it back from extinction”, by Elizabeth Gehrman.  A book about a rare bird? I knew I’d love that part of it. As an avid birder, I knew a bit about the Bermuda Petrel, so was looking forward to reading a detailed account of the species.  Given my personality, what I didn’t know is how much I would enjoy the story of the man who was instrumental in saving the species.

The Bermuda Petrel (also known as a Cahow) was a bird that likely numbered in the millions when explorers first came across Bermuda in the early 1600s.  Due to hunting pressures and introduction of predators on their nesting islands, the species quickly declined, and for a few hundred years (!!!), the species was thought to be extinct.  Many scientists even had begun to doubt that the Bermuda Petrel had ever existed, as a unique species.  In the early 1900s, there were hints that the species had survived, and by the middle of the century, an incredibly small relict population of breeding birds were found on a few tiny islands of Bermuda.  The book is the story of one man, David Wingate, and the plight of the Cahow.

When a twist of fate brought Wingate face-to-face with the first confirmed, live Bermuda Petrel recorded in centuries, he made it his life’s mission to bring the bird back from the brink of extinction.  An exhaustive search of the tiny islands around Bermuda led to the discovery of a mere 7 surviving breeding pairs.  With very little in financial support, the book details Wingate’s tireless efforts to restore Cahow populations.

As expected, I greatly enjoyed the detailed story of restoration efforts.  The book provides a remarkable demonstration of the interconnected nature of ecosystems, and the chain of dependent plant and animal species that contributed to the demise, and to the ultimate restoration, of Cahow populations.  Who would have thought that the reintroduction of Yellow-crowned Night-herons would be necessary to control native land crabs, to control crab foraging on native sedges, to restore better ground habitat on “Nonsuch Island”, the focus of much of the restoration efforts?  The book is a fascinating look at not only the life history of the Cahow, but of the entire ecosystem on which the Cahow depends.

While my appreciation and enjoyment of the natural story of the Cahow was expected, what I didn’t expect was how much I enjoyed the personal story of Wingate himself.  As I said, I’m not a hero worshipper, I’m into the science more than I am into the scientist.  However, I found the presentation of Wingate in the book to be equally as fascinating as the story of the Cahow itself.  The book intersperses narrative accounts of Wingate’s history with quotations from Wingate himself, and quoatations from those around him during this lifelong journey to save the Cahow.  SPOILER ALERT…don’t read the rest of this paragraph if you want to save the story for when you read the book…but the point where I knew I was “falling” for not only the Cahow story, but the story of Wingate himself, was when his beloved wife “Anita” was tragically burned in an accident on the island, and died several days later.  Wingate was obviously every bit the “quirky” scientist, but the book portrays the wonderful relationship with the love of his life, Anita.  As a fellow “quirky scientist” who has always been a bit awkward around people but who (shockingly!!) has my own ‘love-of-my-life’, I more than sympathized with Wingate upon reading the story of Anita’s death.   Given the wonderful writing style of the book, I could almost FEEL Wingate’s pain.

In short, if you’re a naturalist, if you’re a lover of wildlife, if you’re a birder, you’ll love the book for the story of the Cahow.  Even if you don’t traditionally fit into one of these categories, you’ll love the book for not only the story of the Cahow, but for the story of one man’s perseverance and dedication, in the face of incredible personal, social, and political odds.

This book arrived at my house on a Monday, and less than 24 hours after hitting my doorstep, I had completed it.  I strongly recommend picking up a copy.  I can almost guarantee that you too will have a hard time putting it down.

Drawing – Passenger Pigeon

Click for a larger view.

Of all the drawings I’ve done so far, I think there are only 2 species where I actually also have good photos.  Most are birds I don’t have photos of, so drawing is a way to “fill in the gaps”.

This is DEFINITELY a “fill in the gap” drawing, as it’s a bird I will never see!  This is a Passenger Pigeon.  Once one of the most abundant birds on the planet, then driven to extinction in a matter of a few decades.  There are some controversial proposals out there to “revive” extinct species through DNA extraction and genetic wizardry.  I for one am all for it, but I truly doubt it would ever “work” for a bird like the Passenger Pigeon.

Maybe someday they’ll be able to produce a Passenger Pigeon, but, one reason it’s thought the birds were driven to extinction was the disruption in their complex social structure.  The birds used to flock and roost in flocks numbering in the many millions, and it’s thought once numbers dropped below a certain threshold, the breeding and social structure of the species collapsed.  Even if they could recreate the species one day, I doubt they’d ever be able to get a self-sustaining wild population established.

Sad…really pretty birds.

Drawing – Great Auk

Great Auk - Drawing by Terry SohlWith a work trip, it’s been over a week since I’ve been able to draw anything.  I thought I’d continue my trend of trying to draw things I don’t have photos of.  And, as with my Carolina Parakeet and Ivory-billed Woodpecker drawings, here’s another I’m quite unlikely to ever get a photo of!  This is a drawing of a Great Auk.

In case you don’t know the story of the Great Auk…they were the largest of the “Alcid” family, birds that include the puffins that most people are familiar with.  They were almost 3 feet tall and weighed over 10 pounds, and were often considered the Northern Hemisphere’s ecological counterpart to the penguin.  They were flightless, large, and easy to catch, and thus both they and their eggs were targeted as a food source.  By 1800 they were already extremely scarce in North America, and had been wiped out in Europe centuries before that.  The last bird was thought to have been sighted in 1852.

Another magnificent, unique species that we will never again have the pleasure of seeing.

New Year, New Drawing – Carolina Parakeets

Carolina Parakeets

Colored pencil drawing of Carolina Parakeets

Happy New Year!! My New Year’s resolution…maybe worry a LITTLE less about the stuff that makes me cynical and rant on my blog, and maybe spend less time on the computer overall.  With me week off work, I’ve REALLY enjoyed getting back into drawing after…20 years?  And I’ve really enjoyed trying to learn to do it with color pencils rather than just black and white.  I again thought I’d try drawing something that I don’t see every day, and don’t have a chance to photograph.  Carolina Parakeets certainly fit that bill!!  They’ve sadly been extinct almost 100 years.

I spent much more time on this drawing than my last two, and am quite pleased with how it turned out.  Given that Carolina Parakeets were very sociable birds, it didn’t make sense to draw just one, so I drew a pair.  They’re sitting on a bald cypress tree branch, since I read that Carolina Parakeets used to really like the fruit/nut of Bald Cypress. 

It’s amazing to think that such a bird used to live in the United States.   The bird even was reported to have occasionally been seen way up here in South Dakota!  A gorgeous, wild, colorful parakeet like this, in South Dakota…it’s so sad to think of these birds being wiped out.

Another Drawing – Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Ivory-billed Woodpecker - Pencil drawing

Another drawing.  What better subject than something many people think is extinct, an Ivory-billed Woodpecker?  There’s plenty out there to use for source material (plumage, structure, etc.), so I thought I’d give it a shot today.  I ended up being pretty happy with the way the bird turned out, OK with the tree/perch, but then wish I wouldn’t have attempted to fill in the background with a color.  I wish I would have used some color like gray or maybe the same sky blue, and just filled in a little around the bird, “highlighting” it and making the whole thing look a little more abstract, rather than filling in the entire background.  The way I ended up doing it, it makes it look like I’m trying to show blue sky behind everything….not sure that ended up working.  Still fun doing it though.

And BTW…I am NOT one of those that thinks the species is extinct.  I’ve mentioned it out here before in my blog…the one thing I do NOT like about a certain group of birders (and people in general) is how incredibly competitive they can become.   I really think a lot of the backlash against those from Cornell, Auburn University, and other groups/people who have claimed to have sighted Ivory-billed Woodpeckers over the last 5 years or so is really just pure jealousy.  Let’s face it, for a birder, seeing an Ivory-billed Woodpecker would be THE Holy Grail for birding in the U.S.   I think some folks are acting skeptical partially because of a jealousy or competitiveness thing. 

Just my two cents.  There’s just no way established, long-time birders and ornithologists such as those from Cornell and Auburn who saw the birds could have all been mistaken.  People have been bashing Ivory-billed Woodpecker sightings long before these last 5 years.  I still think the bird exists.   But until someone gets a clear photo, there’s going to be a vocal group of birders out there who keep spouting their skepticism.

Perusin’ & Musin’

Perusin' & Musin'Some random thoughts from perusing the web…

Ron Paul Shows What’s Important for GOP – Ron Paul today said that if the GOP “goes soft” in negotiations in the debt committee, the risk is that Obama would get re-elected.  Note that the “risk”, the main priority for the GOP, has NOTHING to do with the success of the debt committee.  Their main priority has NOTHING to do with negotiating in good faith, and doing what’s best for our country.  No, the priority is all about the next election, and making sure Obama isn’t reelected.  Even if it means taking the entire country down, by ruining the debt-committee negotiations.

Too Late to Stop catastrophic Climate Change?  – An International Energy Agency report released this week painted a pretty bleak picture with regard to the likelihood of avoiding catastrophic climate change.  For a long time, the hope has been that we could somehow limit warming to 2 degrees Celsius globally.  Even with that amount of warming, there are very significant implications on regional ecosystems.  The IEA report notes how incredibly unlikely it will be that warming is restricted to even that level.  Considering that a report a week or two noted that carbon dioxide emissions over the last year were higher than even the WORST projections from a few years ago, we’re likely accelerating climate change, not slowing its progression.

Jerry Sandusky Admits to “Horsing Around” with Kids - Jerry Sandusky, the ex-coach at Penn State who has been indicted for sexual assault on multiple young boys, admits he has often showered with young boys, but that it was all just “horsing around”.  Sandusky’s lawyer says Sandusky is just “a big kid”.  Do scumbags like Sandusky really think people are going to buy that defense?  That he’s just was “horsing around” with all these young boys over the years?   Does “horsing around” with kids include showering naked with them, bear-hugging them naked, and doing…more disgusting things that his victims accuse him of?   We have two registered sex offenders living a few blocks away.  Scares the hell out of me knowing people like this are out there, when I have an 8-year old son.

Cain on Defense after Libya Comments - Herman Cain has already shown a lack of foreign policy credentials, but he’s beyond the point where he can get by with the excuse of “that’s what the experts are for” (referring to policy advisors if he should by some miracle be elected).  Yesterday was a complete joke though, when he was completely lost on the topic of Libya…shocking, giving the prominence Libya has had in the news.   The bigger question to me is…HOW THE HELL can people like Herman Cain even be considered presidential material?   HOW THE HELL can a Rick Perry EVER be elected into any position of responsibility?!?  WHY THE HELL do American voters seem to sometimes treasure complete stupidity in their candidates?  On the bright side…I wondered if I’d “miss” Sarah Palin (remember her?) when she finally dropped out of the media spotlight, but with Cain, Perry, Bachmann, Paul, and practically every GOP member of Congress, there’s definitely no shortage of OTHER people to make fun of.

Two Rhino Species Extinct in One Week - Last week, the last known Javan Rhino of a certain subspecies was found shot, with its horn cut off.  This week, the western Black Rhino of Africa was declared extinct in the wild.  Two megafauna down in a one week’s time, all for the sake of horny Asian men who “need” rhino horn as an aphrodisiac.  Ain’t humanity grand…

Anniversary of Last Passenger Pigeon

Audubon's Passenger Pigeon

Audubon's depiction of a pair of Passenger Pigeons

From the Smithsonian, a nice piece about the 97th anniversary of the death of the last known Passenger Pigeon, Martha.  Martha died in 1914 in the Cincinnati Zoo, 14 years after the last known wild bird was shot.

It’s rather amazing that a bird can go from being the most common bird on the continent, to extinct in the span of 100 years .   The article states that Passenger Pigeons once made up 25% to 40% of ALL birds in North America.  A sad anniversary indeed.  Both hunting and habitat loss contributed to the decline of the species.  You almost wonder if the species would be able to survive in today’s world.  The forests of the east were decimated during the 1800s, but there’s undoubtedly more forest cover today than there was around 1900, when the species effectively disappeared in the wild.  

DNA from the species shows the Passenger Pigeon was most closely related to the Band-tailed Pigeon, a big pigeon of the western part of the U.S.  and Mexico.  There’s been some dreaming of using DNA from museum specimens and bringing the species back, but even with the ability to do so, and even with adequate habitat, it would likely be incredibly difficult to get a functional wild population.  The species was always found in large functional colonies, and when these large colonies were disrupted, scattered birds and smaller populations couldn’t effectively breed.  It would be nearly impossible to recreate breeding populations in the wild.